Ethyl alcohol
Ethyl alcohol, or ethanol, is produced by the fermentation of sugars, or from direct synthesis from ethylene. It is a renewable energy source.
Ethanol's formula is C2H5OH. Its boiling point is 78.5 deg C, and its melting point is -117.3 deg C.
Ethanol burns with a hot, pale-blue flame. It is miscible with water. Uses include consumption in alcoholic beverages, a solvent, an anti-freeze solution, and a fuel. Ethanol is used as an additive to car fuel and is burnt with liquid oxygen in some rocket engines. When Ethanol is burnt in air, the results of combustion are carbon dioxide and water.
Methyl alcohol
Methyl alcohol, or methanol, is also sometimes called wood spirit. It is produced by the destructive distillation of wood, or by a synthetic process which involves reacting carbon monoxide with hydrogen gas.
Methanol's formula is CH3OH. Its boiling point is 64.6 deg C, and its melting point is -97 deg C.
Methanol burns with a pale, non-luminous flame. It is poisonous and, if consumed, causes blindness, insanity, and eventual death. It is commonly used as a denaturant for ethyl alcohol, and is miscible with water.
Methylated spirits as a fuel
The energy released from burning ethanol is approximately 30 kJ/g. For comparison, the energy released during the combustion of propane and butane are about 50 kJ/g and 49 kJ/g respectively.
It is simple to use metho as a cooking fuel - simply place about 30 ml in a small metal container and light it. If you support a cooking pot over the flame, you can boil a litre of water in about 16 minutes - no special equipment required! I tried a stainless steel egg cup and it worked fine.
More efficient metho burners have a series of small holes which act as jets that the metho burns from. Such burners can boil a litre of water in about 8 or 9 minutes.
Its also usful to know that mixing metho with 10% water can reduce the soot produced when its burnt.
The energy released from burning ethanol is approximately 30 kJ/g. For comparison, the energy released during the combustion of propane and butane are about 50 kJ/g and 49 kJ/g respectively.
It is simple to use metho as a cooking fuel - simply place about 30 ml in a small metal container and light it. If you support a cooking pot over the flame, you can boil a litre of water in about 16 minutes
- no special equipment required! I tried a stainless steel egg cup and it worked fine.
More efficient metho burners have a series of small holes which act as jets that the metho burns from. Such burners can boil a litre of water in about 8 or 9 minutes.
Its also usful to know that mixing metho with 10% water can reduce the soot produced when its burnt.
TURPS - Widely used multi-purpose solvent for thinning oil based paint, cleaning brushes and paint spills. Removes oils, tar and grease from metal and some plastic surfaces.
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